He aha nā mea e pili ana i ka hoʻomau ʻana o ka ʻala?

ʻO ka ʻoihana ʻala a me ka ʻono o koʻu ʻāina he ʻoihana kūʻai kūʻai nui a hoʻohui pū ʻia i ka honua. Aia nā hui ʻala a me nā mea ʻala ma Kina, a ua lawe ʻia aku nā mea ʻala a me nā mea ʻala he nui. Ma hope o 20 mau makahiki o ka hoʻomohala ʻana, ua hilinaʻi koʻu ʻāina i ka ʻono a me ka ʻoihana ʻala i ka hoʻomau ʻana i ka ʻenehana, hoʻomau mau i ka hana ʻana a me ka hana, a ua hoʻokō ka ʻoihana i ka hoʻomohala nui.

ʻOkoʻa nā ʻono ʻenehana mai nā mea ʻono kemika o kēlā me kēia lā a me nā mea ʻai. Hōʻike ʻia nā mea ʻala ʻoihana e ka ʻala ʻala, ke kūpaʻa wela kiʻekiʻe a me ka ʻala lōʻihi. Hoʻohana nui ʻia lākou i loko o nā plastics, rubber, coatings kemikala a me nā inika pena. Hoʻohana ʻia ia e uhi i ka ʻala a hoʻonui i ka ʻala e loaʻa ai kahi wahi kūʻai maikaʻi.

ʻO ka ʻono ʻenehana kahi ʻoihana waiwai maka e kākoʻo ana i nā huahana ʻono. ʻO ka meaʻala ka mea maka no ka hui ʻana i nā mea ʻono; Hoʻohana nui ʻia nā mea ʻono i ka meaʻai, nā mea inu, ka waiʻona, nā paka, nā mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe, nā mea hoʻonaninani, nā niho niho, nā lāʻau lapaʻau, nā meaʻai, nā textiles a me nā ʻoihana ʻili. Ma waho aʻe o ka meaʻala, ʻo ka nui o ka essence i nā huahana flavored ʻokoʻa he 0.3-3% wale nō, akā hana nui ia i ka maikaʻi o ka huahana, no laila ua kapa ʻia ka ʻono ʻo ka "ʻuhane" o nā huahana flavored.

Ma lalo o ke alakaʻi ʻana o ka ʻepekema a me ka ʻenehana hou, ua loaʻa i ka noiʻi ʻepekema a me ka hana hoʻonaʻauao o koʻu ʻāina ʻala a me ka ʻoihana ʻono i nā hopena maikaʻi. E lawe i ke kula mua o Shanghai Institute of Technology ma ke ʻano he laʻana, ʻo kāna hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i nā limahana ʻepekema a me ka ʻenehana a me nā hoʻokō ʻepekema a me ka ʻenehana. Ua hoʻokumu ke kula i ke kūlana hoʻomaʻamaʻa talena o ka "hoʻomaʻamaʻa kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe i hoʻohana ʻia i nā talena ʻenehana me ka ʻuhane hou a me ka hiki ke hana, a me nā ʻenekini laina mua maikaʻi loa me ka ʻike honua", a ua hoʻokumu ʻia "ka lawelawe ʻana i ka hoʻokele waiwai a me ka pilikanaka kūloko, lawelawe i nā ʻoihana kūlanakauhale hou, a lawelawe i nā ʻoihana liʻiliʻi a me nā ʻoihana liʻiliʻi.

ʻO ka manawa paʻa o ka mea ʻala he 3-15 mau mahina. Ma muli o nāʻano meaʻala likeʻole he mau māmā volatilization likeʻole i nā huahana likeʻole, e pili ana i keʻano a me keʻano o keʻano o ka meaʻala, aʻo ka ea e kahe ana kaʻenemi o kaʻala o ka meaʻala a me ka paukaʻala, ua'ōwiliʻia ka huahana i hoʻopauʻia a waihoʻia i loko o kahi pahu. Hiki i nā mea hoʻonani a me nā mea hoʻopili ma ka ʻili o ka huahana i hoʻopau ʻia ke hōʻemi i ka volatilization o ka ʻala i ka wā o ka mālama ʻana, a laila e hoʻolōʻihi i ka manawa paʻa o ka huahana.

Hoʻohana ʻia ke kaʻina hana hoʻoheheʻe carbon dioxide no ka unuhi ʻana i ka aila ʻala o ka frangipani i hana ʻia ma Laos. Ma ka manawa like, hoʻohana ʻia ka ʻenehana chromatography-mass spectrometry no ka nānā ʻana i ke ʻano kemika o ka ʻaila volatile, e hāʻawi ana i kahi kumu ʻepekema no ka hoʻomohala piha ʻana a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka frangipani. Ma o ka noiʻi hoʻokolohua, ua hoʻoholo ka hui noiʻi ʻepekema i nā kūlana kaʻina no ka supercritical carbon dioxide fluid extraction o ka aila frangipani: extraction pressure 25Mpa, extraction temperature 45°C, separation I pressure 12Mpa, a me ka hoʻokaʻawale I wela 55°C. Ma lalo o kēia mau kūlana, ka awelika hua o ka extract mea 5.8927%, i ka mea i oi aku mamua o ka hua o ka mahu distillation hoao extract o 0.0916%.

Loaʻa i ka mākeke ʻala a me nā mea ʻala o Kina ka mana hoʻomohala nui a me ka wahi mākeke. Ua hoʻokomo a kūkulu ʻia nā ʻoihana ʻoihana kaulana i nā ʻāina ʻē a me nā mea ʻala ma Kina. Me ko lākou kaulana honua a me nā pono ʻenehana, ua noho lākou i ka hapa nui o nā mea ʻono a me nā mea ʻala ma waena o ka mākeke kiʻekiʻe. I ka manawa like, ma hope o nā makahiki o ka hoʻomohala ʻana, ua puka mai nā ʻoihana ʻona pilikino a me nā ʻoihana hana ʻala he nui o nā ʻoihana alakaʻi. Ke hilinaʻi nei i ko lākou ʻike i nā ʻono kūloko, ka maikaʻi o ka huahana paʻa, nā kumukūʻai huahana kūpono, a me nā lawelawe ʻenehana noʻonoʻo, ua lanakila mālie kēia mau ʻoihana pilikino i ka ʻike ʻia o nā mea kūʻai aku waena a kiʻekiʻe, a ua hoʻonui ʻia kā lākou mākeke a me ka ʻike brand i kēlā me kēia lā.

ʻO ke kūpaʻa wela kiʻekiʻe, ka ʻala ikaika, ka mālama ʻana i ka ʻala lōʻihi, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.

ʻO ka hana ʻana a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka ʻoihana ʻono a me nā mea ʻala e kūpono me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā ʻoihana kākoʻo e like me ka ʻoihana, nā mea inu, a me nā kemika i kēlā me kēia lā. ʻO nā hoʻololi wikiwiki i nā ʻoihana o lalo ua hoʻoikaika i ka hoʻomohala mau ʻana o ka ʻoihana ʻono a me ka ʻala, me ka hoʻomaikaʻi mau ʻana i ka maikaʻi o ka huahana, hoʻonui mau i nā ʻano like ʻole, nā huahana a me nā kūʻai. Hoʻonui ʻia kēlā me kēia makahiki. No ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka noi nui o nā ʻoihana i lalo a hoʻolaha i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka mākeke huahana mea kūʻai aku, pehea e hoʻolaha ai i ka hoʻololi a me ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka ʻoihana i lilo i pilikia maʻamau no ka ʻoihana.

Ma waho aʻe o nā haole pilikua i nā hui ʻono Kina, ʻo nā ʻoihana mokuʻāina he nāwaliwali kumu noiʻi, haʻahaʻa ʻenehana haʻahaʻa, nā ʻano hoʻokele inflexible, a me ka ʻike lawelawe nāwaliwali, i alakaʻi i ka lohi a i ʻole retrogression i kā lākou wikiwiki hoʻomohala o kēia manawa. Me ka paipai ʻana i nā kulekele aupuni o kēia manawa, ua ulu wikiwiki nā kūlanakauhale a me nā ʻoihana pilikino. Me kā lākou mau hana hana maʻalahi a me nā lawelawe noʻonoʻo, ua lanakila lākou i ka mahalo mai nā mea hoʻohana, a ke hoʻonui mau nei kā lākou mākeke. Eia nō naʻe, no ka hapa nui o nā ʻoihana pilikino, ma muli o ke kumu waiwai waiwai a me ka ʻenehana, ʻike maikaʻi ʻole i ka brand, a me ka maikaʻi ʻole o ka huahana, ua paʻa kēia kūlana i ka hoʻomaka ʻana i ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka ʻoihana a hāʻawi i kumu no nā alakaʻi ʻoihana e lilo i mea nui a ikaika.