No ke aha he mea nui ka lakio cistrans e nānā hou ʻia ma ka Palapala Hōʻoia o ka Hana ʻana i ka Waiū Lactone?

Komo kēia i loko o nā nuances kemika kikoʻī e wehewehe ana i ka maikaʻi a me ke ʻano o Milk Lactone.

Eia kahi wehewehe kikoʻī:

1. Ke Kemika: No ke aha he mea nui ka Isomerism i nā Lactones

No nā lactones e like me δ-Decalactone, ʻaʻole pili ka inoa "cis" a me "trans" i kahi pilina pālua (e like me ia i nā molekala e like me nā waikawa momona) akā i ka stereochemistry pili ma nā kikowaena chiral ʻelua ma ke apo. Hoʻokumu ke ʻano apo i kahi kūlana kahi e ʻokoʻa ai ke kuhikuhi spatial o nā ʻātoma hydrogen a me ke kaulahao alkyl e pili ana i ka mokulele apo.

· cis-Isomer: Aia nā ʻātoma hydrogen ma nā ʻātoma kalapona pili ma ka ʻaoʻao like o ka mokulele apo. Hoʻokumu kēia i kahi ʻano kikoʻī a ʻoi aku ka palena.

· trans-Isomer: Aia nā ʻātoma hydrogen ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe o ka mokulele apo. Hoʻokumu kēia i kahi ʻano molekala ʻokoʻa, pinepine ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī.

ʻO kēia mau ʻokoʻa lahilahi o ke ʻano e alakaʻi ai i nā ʻokoʻa koʻikoʻi i ke ʻano o ka launa pū ʻana o ka mole me nā mea loaʻa ʻala, a pēlā hoʻi, kona ʻano ʻala.

2. Ka nui o ke kūlohelohe a me ke ʻano hanaWaiū Lactone

Kumu Ka nui o ka Isomer cis maʻamau Ka nui o ka Isomer trans maʻamau Kumu nui

Kūlohelohe (mai ka waiū) > 99.5% (100% maikaʻi loa) < 0.5% (Aia a ʻaʻohe paha) ʻO ke ala biosynthesis enzymatic i loko o ka bipi wahine he stereospecific, e hana wale ana i ke ʻano (R) e alakaʻi ai i ka cis-lactone.

Hana ʻia ~70% – 95% ~5% – 30% ʻAʻole kūpono loa ka hapa nui o nā ala hana kemika (e laʻa, mai nā petrochemicals a i ʻole ka waikawa ricinoleic), e hopena ana i ka hui ʻana o nā isomers (he racemate). Aia ka lakio pololei i ke kaʻina hana kikoʻī a me nā ʻanuʻu hoʻomaʻemaʻe.

3. Ka hopena o ka sensory: No ke aha he mea koʻikoʻi ka cis Isomer

ʻAʻole wale kēia ʻāpana isomer he mea hoihoi kemika; he hopena pololei a ikaika hoʻi ia i ka maikaʻi o ka sensory:

· cis-δ-Decalactone: ʻO kēia ka isomer me ke ʻala i mahalo nui ʻia, ikaika, creamy, like me ka peach, a me ka waiū. ʻO ia ka hui hopena-ʻano noLactone waiū.

· trans-δ-Decalactone: He ʻala nāwaliwali loa kēia isomer, ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi, a i kekahi manawa he ʻala "ʻōmaʻomaʻo" a "momona" paha. He mea liʻiliʻi loa ia e hāʻawi ai i ka ʻano creamy i makemake ʻia a hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe a hoʻololi paha i ka maʻemaʻe o ke ʻala.

4. Nā hopena no ka ʻoihana ʻono a me ka ʻala

ʻO ka lakio o ka cis i ka isomer trans kahi hōʻailona koʻikoʻi o ka maikaʻi a me ke kumukūʻai:

1. Nā Lactones Kūlohelohe (mai ka waiū): No ka mea he 100% cis lākou, loaʻa iā lākou ka ʻala maoli loa, ikaika loa, a makemake ʻia. ʻO lākou nō hoʻi ke kumu kūʻai nui loa ma muli o ke kaʻina hana pipiʻi o ka unuhi ʻana mai nā kumu waiū.

2. Nā Lactone Synthetic Kūlana Kiʻekiʻe: Hoʻohana nā mea hana i nā ʻano kemika a i ʻole nā ​​​​​​ʻano enzymatic holomua e hoʻonui i ka hua o ka isomer cis (e laʻa, e hoʻokō ana i 95%+). ʻO kahi COA no kahi lactone synthetic premium e kuhikuhi pinepine i kahi ʻike cis kiʻekiʻe. He palena koʻikoʻi kēia e nānā ai nā mea kūʻai.

3. Nā Lactone Synthetic Maʻamau: ʻO ka haʻahaʻa o ka ʻike cis (e laʻa, 70-85%) e hōʻike ana i kahi huahana i hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻole ʻia. E loaʻa iā ia kahi ʻala nāwaliwali a ʻaʻole maoli a hoʻohana ʻia i nā noi kahi i lilo ai ke kumukūʻai i mea hoʻokele nui a ʻaʻole pono ka ʻala kiʻekiʻe.

Hopena

I ka hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo, ʻaʻole ka hapa he helu paʻa akā he hōʻailona koʻikoʻi o ke kumu a me ka maikaʻi:

· Ma ke ʻano kūlohelohe, ua hoʻopilikia nui ʻia ka hapa i >99.5% cis-isomer.

· I ka synthesis, ʻokoʻa ka hapa, akā ʻo ka nui o ka cis-isomer e pili pono ana me kahi ʻala kirīmi maikaʻi aʻe, ʻoi aku ka maoli, a ʻoi aku ka ikaika.

No laila, i ka loiloi ʻana i kahi laʻana oWaiū Lactone, ʻo ka lakio cis/trans kekahi o nā kikoʻī koʻikoʻi e loiloi ma ka Palapala Hōʻoia o ka Nānā ʻana (COA).